Japan is a place where centuries-old traditions sit right next to innovative modern technology. You can grab a quick bite of ramen on a neon-lit street in Tokyo one day, then find quiet in a Kyoto temple the next. It’s not just a country; it’s an experience that stays with you.
Japan has become a popular destination for expats. At the end of 2024, there were over 3.75 million foreigners living there. Many are drawn to Japan by its high-quality healthcare, low crime rates, and rich culture. Americans, while a small percentage of the expat population, are growing in numbers.
If you’re planning to move to Japan in 2025, there’s a lot to think about. At Remitly, we know how overwhelming it can feel to start fresh somewhere new, so we’ve put together this guide to inform you about key areas such as visas, housing, daily routines, and how to handle your money between two countries.
Understanding visa options
The first step in moving to Japan is securing the appropriate visa. Japan has several visa categories, each with its own specific requirements. In 2025, options include various work visas, the Highly Skilled Professional Visa, and visas for entrepreneurs.
Types of visas available
- Work visas: These are category-specific, such as “Engineer/Specialist in Humanities/International Services” and “Intra-company Transferee.” Generally, these require a sponsoring employer in Japan.
- Specified skilled worker visa: This visa was introduced to address labor shortages and targets specific industries. There are two types: Type 1 is for up to five years and requires demonstration of Japanese language level. Type 2 is for more experienced workers and has no stay limit (but must be renewed).
- Highly Skilled Professional (HSP) visa: This is a points-based system that grants preferential treatment to individuals with advanced skills, education, and professional backgrounds.
- Startup visa: Some municipalities offer this visa to foreign entrepreneurs aiming to establish a business in Japan. Requirements vary depending on the local government.
- Working holiday visa: Available to citizens of select countries (typically for ages 18-30), allowing for an extended stay and the opportunity to work while traveling. Check the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan (MOFA) website for the list of eligible countries.
- J-Find visa: The “Japan System for Future Creation Individual Visa,” also known as the J-Find visa, was launched in 2023. It aims to attract recent graduates from leading global universities who wish to look for employment or prepare to launch a business in Japan.
- J-Skip visa: A new HSP category for high earners (JPY 20 million annually) or master’s degree holders with work experience. It offers a fast track to permanent residency after one year.
Eligibility criteria for top visa categories
- Work visas: Usually require a contract with a Japanese employer, a relevant bachelor’s degree or significant professional experience, and sometimes Japanese language skills, depending on the role.
- Highly Skilled Professional visa: Applicants must score 70 points or more based on criteria like academic background, professional experience, salary, research achievements, and Japanese language proficiency.
- Startup visa: Requires a solid business plan approved by the relevant municipal government.
Required documents and application process
Standard required documents include a valid passport, a visa application form, photos, and supporting documents specific to the visa type (e.g., employment contract, educational certificates).
A key document for most long-term visas is the Certificate of Eligibility (CoE). Your sponsor in Japan (e.g., your employer or school) applies for your CoE from the Immigration Services Agency of Japan. Once the CoE is issued and sent to you, you apply for the visa at the Japanese Embassy or Consulate in your country of residence.
Pro tip for 2025 applicants
Visa processing times can vary, so begin your application well ahead of your planned travel date. Check the official MOFA website and your local Japanese embassy or consulate to stay up-to-date with the latest requirements, timelines, or any changes to procedures, including potential digital application options.
Estimating your moving costs
The overall cost of relocating to Japan typically includes airfare, shipping belongings, and initial accommodation expenses. Expenses are affected by factors such as your departure location and the volume of goods shipped. Traveling during peak seasons like cherry blossom season (usually late March to April) or major holidays can also increase the costs of flights and temporary accommodation.
Ways to save
- Travel during the off-peak season if possible.
- Minimize belongings to reduce shipping costs; consider buying larger items—like furniture—in Japan.
- Join expat groups online for tips on budget accommodations or potentially sharing shipping resources.
Checklist of expected moving costs
- Visa application fees
- Airfare to Japan
- Shipping costs for personal items
- Initial temporary accommodation (e.g., 2-4 weeks)
- Deposits for long-term rental (can be several months’ rent, including “key money,” security deposit, and agent fees)
- Funds for daily living before your first salary
- Setting up utilities and essential furnishings
- Emergency fund
Finding suitable housing is part of settling in, and Japan’s rental market has some unique aspects. You can find housing through temporary solutions like Airbnb or hostels while searching for long-term rentals via real estate agents or online portals.
Best tips
- Use a local real estate agent or services that specialize in helping foreigners. They can help navigate language barriers and explain rental agreements.
- Be aware of differences in renting etiquette and costs, such as “key money” (a non-refundable gift to the landlord, often 1-2 months’ rent), and security deposit, usually 1-2 months’ rent, which is often partly refundable. Many landlords require a Japanese guarantor—you can use a guarantor company for a fee. Expect to also pay a rental agency fee, often one month’s rent plus tax.
- Expat-friendly communities or resources like GaijinPot can provide assistance. If you’re considering buying property, check out our guide: Buying Property in Japan: Your 2025 Guide for Foreigners.
Regions best suited for expats based on lifestyle preferences
- Tokyo: Ideal for young professionals seeking career opportunities and vibrant city life
- Kyoto: Appeals to those interested in traditional culture, history, and a slightly calmer pace. Often favored by academics and retirees.
- Osaka: A major commercial city known for its lively atmosphere and food scene
- Fukuoka: A modern city with a good quality of life, known for its growing tech and startup scene
- Yokohama: A port city near Tokyo with a more relaxed, international feel
Setting up essentials
Once you have housing, arranging essential services is the next step.
Opening a bank account
Opening a bank account is necessary for salary payments and managing daily finances. Steps usually involve:
- Choosing a bank: Recommended banks include Mitsubishi UFJ (MUFG), Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation (SMBC), Mizuho Bank, and Japan Post Bank (Yucho Ginko).
- Gathering required documents, which usually include your Residence Card (Zairyu Card), passport, Japanese phone number, and sometimes a personal seal (hanko/inkan), though signatures are often accepted for foreigners.
- Visiting a branch to complete the application, though some banks are expanding online services. When your account is ready, you can manage international transfers easily using services like Remitly.
Getting around
Japan has a highly efficient public transport system. Here are the basics of the subway and bullet train systems:
- Major cities have extensive subway and train networks operated by companies like JR (Japan Railways) and private lines.
- IC cards (like Suica, Pasmo, ICOCA) are rechargeable smart cards used for most public transport and even small purchases at stores and vending machines.
- The Shinkansen (bullet train) network connects major cities quickly and comfortably.
For expats who wish to drive, an International Driving Permit (IDP) based on the 1949 Geneva Convention can be used for up to one year. After that, or if your IDP is not recognized, you’ll need to convert your home country license (if eligible) or obtain a Japanese license. License conversions for Americans and Canadians depend on specific agreements and may require tests.
Cost of living in Japan
Japan’s cost of living varies significantly by region, with Tokyo being among the most expensive cities in the world.
Breakdown of monthly expenses (Tokyo vs. smaller cities)
Here’s a general idea of monthly expenses (which can vary greatly). At the time of writing, USD 1 is equivalent to JPY 144.
- Housing: Rent in Tokyo for a one-bedroom apartment can be JPY 100,000-¥200,000+, while in smaller cities it might be JPY 40,000-80,000.
- Utilities: JPY 10,000-15,000
- Food: JPY 40,000-60,000 (more if eating out often or buying many imported goods).
- Transportation: JPY 8,000-15,000 for a local monthly pass
- Internet/Phone: JPY 7,000-12,000
Comparing Japan’s cost of living with that of cities in the US/Canada
Tokyo is often compared to New York City or San Francisco in terms of overall costs, especially housing. Smaller Japanese cities can be more comparable to mid-sized North American cities. Groceries, particularly fruit, can be more expensive in Japan.
Budget-friendly options for expats
- Shop at local supermarkets and “shotengai” (local shopping streets) rather than department store food halls.
- Utilize 100-yen shops for many household items.
- Cook at home more often.
- Take advantage of Japan’s excellent and affordable public transportation.
Cultural tips for everyday life
Understanding key Japanese customs will help you adapt smoothly.
Key Japanese customs
- Bowing (ojigi): Used for greetings, thanks, and apologies. The angle and duration vary depending on the situation.
- Removing shoes indoors: Expected in homes, temples, traditional establishments, and some restaurants
- Public transport etiquette: Avoid loud conversations on phones, and queue neatly and patiently.
- Gift giving: Beautifully wrapped gifts are an important part of many interactions.
- Chopstick etiquette: Learn basic rules, like not sticking chopsticks upright in rice.
Importance of learning basic Japanese phrases
Japanese people are generally polite and understanding if foreigners make an occasional etiquette misstep. A respectful attitude and willingness to learn are appreciated.
While English is understood in some tourist and business settings, learning basic Japanese will greatly improve your daily interactions and show respect for the local culture.
Working and employment opportunities
Japan offers a range of job opportunities for foreign nationals, especially in certain sectors.
Japan’s job market for expats
Industries that often hire foreigners include:
- English teaching: At public schools (e.g., JET Programme) or private language academies
- IT and Technology: High demand for software engineers, developers, and IT specialists
- Engineering and Manufacturing: Especially in the automotive and electronics industries
- Finance: In international firms, mainly in Tokyo
- Hospitality and Tourism: Roles in hotels and tourism services
The growing availability of remote work opportunities
Remote work is becoming more common in Japan. There are also growing discussions around Digital Nomad Visas, making it potentially easier for those who can work online for companies based outside Japan.
Exploring your new home
Once you’re settled, you can start to explore all the wonderful things that Japan has to offer. From historic sites like Fushimi Inari Taisha to contemporary hubs like the Shibuya shopping district, you’ll discover a country with a beautifully varied and vibrant culture.
And wherever you’re based, take the time to visit the varied landscapes—the serene beaches of Okinawa, the snowy peaks and hot springs of Hokkaido, the breathtaking views of Mount Fuji, and so much more. With the right preparation, your Japanese adventure is within your reach.
FAQs
What is the climate like throughout the year in Japan?
Japan experiences four distinct seasons: mild springs with cherry blossoms; hot, humid summers with a rainy season; cool, crisp autumns with colorful foliage; and cold winters, especially in the north and mountainous areas, with heavy snowfall.
How tough is it to obtain permanent residency in Japan?
Permanent residency in Japan usually requires 10 years of continuous residence, though this can be shortened for spouses of Japanese nationals or permanent residents, or for those qualifying under the Highly Skilled Professional visa (potentially 1-3 years). Applicants must demonstrate good conduct and financial stability.
Can digital nomads live and work in Japan?
Japan has introduced a specific Digital Nomad Visa. It allows for a stay of up to six months for remote workers employed by foreign companies who meet an annual income threshold of around JPY 10 million (around USD 70,000). Be sure to check the latest official requirements from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.