Key Highlights
- Panamanian cuisine is a rich blend of Spanish, African, and Native American influences, creating a unique flavor profile in Latin America.
- Discover iconic traditional dishes like Sancocho de Gallina, the national dish, and Ropa Vieja, a flavorful shredded beef stew.
- Panamanian food offers an array of must-try items, from hearty main courses to delicious snacks you can find on the streets of Panama City.
- The country’s tropical location means an abundance of fresh seafood, tropical fruits, and root vegetables are central to its cooking.
- Explore popular street food options like empanadas and carimañolas, perfect for a quick and tasty bite.
Introduction
Welcome to the flavorful world of Panama! While famous for its canal and stunning biodiversity, the country’s culinary scene is a hidden gem waiting to be discovered. Panamanian cuisine is a vibrant tapestry woven from Spanish, African, and indigenous traditions. When you visit Panama City, you are not just seeing a crossroads of the world, but tasting one too. This guide will walk you through the essential traditional Panamanian food that tells the story of this incredible nation, one delicious bite at a time.
Panama Food: Local Cuisine You’ll Want to Try
The food of Panama is deeply connected to its history. The construction of the Panama Canal brought people from all over the globe, and they brought their recipes with them. This cultural fusion is evident in every Panamanian dish, creating a nuanced and complex gastronomy that is truly one-of-a-kind.
Are you visiting for the first time and wondering what to eat? This list of must-try Panamanian food will introduce you to the flavors that locals love. From hearty stews to fried snacks and sweet drinks, get ready to explore the traditional dishes that make Panama a food lover’s paradise.
1. Sancocho de Gallina (Chicken Stew)
When you think of traditional Panamanian cuisine, Sancocho de Gallina is often the first dish that comes to mind. Widely considered the national dish of Panama, this hearty chicken soup represents the country’s culture, heritage, and tradition. It is a staple at nearly every celebration, from family gatherings to national holidays.
This delicious chicken stew is made by cooking chicken at high temperatures with a variety of vegetables like corn, yuca, and yams. What gives it a distinctive flavor is the use of an herb called culantro, which is similar to cilantro but has a stronger taste. A touch of black pepper adds a subtle warmth to the broth.
Often served with a side of white rice, this Panamanian dish is the ultimate comfort food. It’s even famous as a perfect hangover cure after a night out! Trying Sancocho is a true taste of Panamanian home cooking.
2. Ropa Vieja (Shredded Beef)
Don’t let the name fool you! Ropa Vieja, which literally translates to “old clothes,” is one of Panama’s most beloved dishes. The name comes from the way the shredded beef resembles a pile of old, tattered clothing. Despite its unusual name, this dish is incredibly flavorful and satisfying.
The Panamanian version of Ropa Vieja features tender shredded beef simmered in a savory tomato sauce with spices like black pepper, cumin, and oregano. According to a popular legend, a poor man once shredded and cooked his own clothes to feed his family, praying for a miracle that turned the rags into a hearty meat stew. [1]
This dish is especially popular in the provinces away from the coast, like Herrera and Coclé. It’s typically served with white rice or a side of crispy patacones (fried plantains). You can find excellent Ropa Vieja in local restaurants like El Trapiche in Panama City.
3. Arroz con Pollo (Rice with Chicken)
Arroz con Pollo is more than just rice with chicken; it is a dish that brings people together in Panama. You will find this celebrated Panamanian dish at birthdays, anniversaries, and community gatherings across the country. It is a true symbol of celebration and togetherness.
The secret to its unforgettable flavor lies in the combination of finely chopped vegetables, tender chicken, and various herbs and spices. A key ingredient is achiote, which gives the white rice its signature yellowish color and a subtle peppery taste. Many recipes also include additions like bell peppers and capers.
Passed down through generations of Panamanian grandmothers, this dish is the definition of comfort food. It is often served with a side of potato salad or patacones. For any first-time visitor, trying Arroz con Pollo is an essential part of the Panamanian experience.
4. Tamal de Olla (Panamanian Tamale)
While many Latin American countries have their own version of tamales, the Panamanian tamal is a unique culinary creation. One popular variation is the Tamal de Olla, which translates to “tamale of the pan.” Unlike traditional tamales wrapped in banana leaves or corn husks, this dish is prepared more like a casserole.
The base is a corn dough (masa) that is combined with ingredients like chicken or ground meat, bell peppers, olives, and capers. Instead of being individually wrapped, the entire mixture is packed into a baking dish and cooked in the oven until firm. This method makes it a perfect dish for sharing at family meals and celebrations.
While not a formal recipe, the preparation involves creating a savory filling with your choice of meat and vegetables, mixing it into the corn dough, and baking it. The result is a delicious “pie” full of Panamanian flavor, a must-try during Christmas and New Year’s holidays.
5. Ceviche (Marinated Seafood)
With coastlines on both the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, it’s no surprise that Panama boasts incredible seafood. Panamanian ceviche is a perfect example of this bounty. This refreshing dish is made with raw fish or seafood cured in acidic lime juice.
The secret to great Panamanian ceviche is simplicity. The fresh fish, typically corvina (sea bass), is chopped and marinated in lime juice with finely diced onion and cilantro. Some regional variations, particularly those with Caribbean influences, might add a splash of coconut milk for a creamier texture. Octopus and shrimp ceviche are also very popular choices.
Wondering what to drink with it? This traditional Panamanian dish pairs perfectly with a cold local beer. For an unforgettable experience, enjoy a cup of fresh ceviche at the Amador Causeway in Panama City while watching the sunset over the Pacific.
6. Carimañolas (Stuffed Yuca Fritters)
Carimañolas are a beloved snack and a staple of traditional Panamanian cuisine. These torpedo-shaped fritters are made from yuca, a starchy root vegetable that is a cornerstone of Panamanian cooking. They are crispy on the outside and soft on the inside, making them an irresistible treat.
To prepare them, the yuca is boiled and mashed into a dough. This dough is then filled with seasoned ground beef or sometimes white cheese. The carimañolas are then deep-fried until they are golden brown and perfectly crispy. Think of them as a delicious, gluten-free alternative to an empanada.
You can find these savory delights everywhere in Panama, from street food stalls to local cafes, making them an easy-to-find authentic food. They are often eaten for breakfast but are also a popular finger food at parties and celebrations. Don’t miss out on trying carimañolas on your trip!
7. Patacones (Twice-Fried Green Plantains)
If there’s one side dish that defines Panamanian food, it’s patacones. These crispy, savory discs are made from green plantains and are a staple across the country and much of Latin America. You simply cannot say you’ve experienced Panamanian cuisine without trying them.
The process to make patacones is what makes them so special. Slices of green plantains are fried once, then removed from the oil, smashed flat, and fried a second time. This double-frying technique results in a perfectly crunchy exterior and a soft, starchy interior. They are then lightly salted and served hot.
Patacones are incredibly versatile. They are the perfect side dish for everything from fried fish and Ropa Vieja to a breakfast of steak and eggs. They are also a popular street food snack, sometimes served with various toppings. They are Panama’s delicious answer to french fries.
8. Hojaldras (Panamanian Fried Bread)
Start your day in Panama like a local with hojaldras. This Panamanian fried bread is a popular breakfast food, especially on weekends. The dough, made from wheat flour, is left to sit overnight, which makes it light and fluffy when fried.
The beauty of hojaldras lies in their versatility. For a savory Panamanian breakfast, they are often served with fried eggs, cheese, or salchichas (sausages) in tomato sauce. Have you got a sweet tooth? Simply sprinkle them with powdered sugar for a treat that resembles a doughnut or beignet.
This traditional Panamanian dish is simple yet incredibly satisfying. As you walk through a Panamanian town in the morning, you’ll likely catch the irresistible scent of freshly made hojaldras wafting from local eateries. It’s a warm and comforting way to begin your day of exploration.
9. Empanadas (Savory Pastries)
Empanadas are a popular street food snack found throughout Latin America, and Panama is no exception. These savory pastries are the perfect handheld meal, making them a staple at carnivals, parades, and everyday celebrations. They are a must-try when you are looking for delicious Panamanian food on the go.
In Panama, you will find two main types of empanadas: one made with wheat flour and another made with corn flour. They are typically filled with seasoned ground meat or shredded chicken and vegetables. The pastries are then folded into a half-moon shape and deep-fried to golden perfection.
Beyond the savory options, you can also find sweet empanadas. These versions are often filled with fruit jam or a creamy dulce de leche. Whether you prefer savory or sweet, grabbing an empanada from a street vendor is an authentic and tasty Panamanian experience.
10. Chicheme (Sweet Corn Drink)
If you’re wondering about famous Panamanian drinks, look no further than Chicheme. This sweet corn drink is a beloved favorite, especially among children, and holds a special place in the hearts of many Panamanians. It’s a traditional Panamanian food that evokes feelings of home and comfort.
Chicheme is made by boiling broken corn kernels for a long time until they are tender. The cooked corn is then mixed with evaporated milk, sugar, cinnamon, vanilla extract, and sometimes coconut milk for extra creaminess. The consistency is thick and hearty, almost like a liquid version of rice pudding.
This unique drink can be enjoyed either hot or cold, making it a refreshing treat on a humid day or a warming beverage in the evening. The town of La Chorrera is famously known for making the best chicheme in all of Panama.
11. Ron Ponche (Panamanian Eggnog)
When the holiday season arrives in Panama, so does Ron Ponche. This is Panama’s version of eggnog, a creamy and sweet alcoholic drink that is a staple at Christmas and New Year’s parties. If you are lucky enough to be invited to a holiday gathering, you will almost certainly be offered a glass.
This festive beverage combines rum, evaporated milk, regular milk, egg yolks, cinnamon, and nutmeg. The rum, often made from local sugar cane, gives it a distinct kick. It is typically sipped slowly, much like you would enjoy a glass of Baileys or traditional eggnog.
While Ron Ponche is the Panamanian name, similar drinks are popular throughout Latin America. In Puerto Rico, it’s called “Coquito,” and in Mexico, it’s known as “Rompope.” Trying this delicious Panamanian food item is a perfect way to get into the festive spirit.
12. Raspados (Shaved Ice Desserts)
On a hot day in Panama, nothing is more refreshing than a raspado. These shaved ice desserts are a landmark sweet treat and a very popular street food. You’ll find vendors with large blocks of ice everywhere, from the historic streets of Casco Viejo to the sidelines of any parade or festival.
Watching a vendor create your raspado is part of the fun. They shave the ice by hand, pack it into a cup, and then douse it with your choice of fruit-flavored syrup, like strawberry or passion fruit. But what makes a Panamanian raspado special is the generous drizzle of sweet condensed milk on top.
For an even richer experience, you can ask for a spoonful of malt powder as a final touch. Unlike a simple drink, this dessert is a delightful combination of textures and flavors that will cool you down and satisfy your sweet tooth. It’s an iconic Panamanian treat you shouldn’t miss.
Unique Ingredients and Flavors in Panamanian Cuisine
The incredible flavor of Panamanian cuisine comes from its wealth of unique ingredients. The country’s tropical climate provides an abundance of fresh fruits and vegetables, while its two long coastlines offer a stunning variety of seafood. These elements are the foundation of what makes the food so special.
This blend of local produce with spices and cooking techniques from Spanish, African, and indigenous cultures reflects Panama’s history as a global crossroads. Let’s look closer at some of the key components that define the unmistakable taste of Panama.
Commonly Used Spices and Herbs
Spices and herbs are the soul of Panamanian cuisine, providing the distinct aromas and flavors that make the dishes so memorable. Many of the common ingredients used in Panamanian kitchens have been part of the local food culture for centuries, blending indigenous tastes with influences from around the world.
These seasonings are used to build layers of flavor in everything from stews to marinades. You’ll find that while the flavors can be complex, they are rarely overwhelmingly spicy, focusing instead on a savory and aromatic profile. The right blend of herbs and spices is what transforms a simple meal into a true Panamanian feast.
Here are some of the most common spices and herbs you’ll encounter:
- Culantro: Often mistaken for cilantro, this herb has a much more potent, pungent flavor and is a key ingredient in Sancocho.
- Achiote: Used as both a coloring agent and a spice, it gives dishes like Arroz con Pollo their signature yellow hue and a mild, peppery taste.
- Oregano and Cumin: These warm, earthy spices are essential in meat dishes like Ropa Vieja.
- Black Pepper: A universal spice that adds a gentle heat to many Panamanian recipes.
Tropical Fruits and Vegetables
Panama’s tropical location makes it a paradise for fresh fruits and vegetables. These ingredients are not just side dishes; they are often the stars of the meal. The variety of produce available year-round plays a fundamental role in the daily diet and traditional cooking of the nation.
From starchy root vegetables that form the base of hearty meals to sweet tropical fruits used in desserts and drinks, the local vegetation is integral to the country’s culinary identity. Many dishes use these ingredients in creative ways, showcasing their versatility. For example, plantain leaves are sometimes used to wrap food for cooking, infusing it with a subtle flavor.
Here are some of the essential fruits and vegetables in Panamanian cooking:
- Yuca (Cassava): A starchy root vegetable used to make carimañolas and served fried (yuca frita).
- Plantains: Used when green for savory patacones and when ripe and sweet for side dishes.
- Ñampi: A tropical root vegetable, similar to a yam, often added to stews like Sancocho.
- Nance: A small, yellow fruit with a strong, unique flavor used to make a traditional dessert called Pesada de Nance.
Seafood Influences in Panamanian Cooking
Panama is uniquely positioned between two major oceans, the Pacific and the Atlantic (via the Caribbean Sea). This geography gives the country access to an incredible diversity of fresh seafood, which has profoundly influenced its cuisine. From fine dining restaurants in Panama City to beachside shacks, seafood is everywhere.
Dishes like Panamanian ceviche, a refreshing marinated seafood salad, are a testament to the quality of the local catch. The Caribbean coast, with its strong Afro-Caribbean heritage, incorporates ingredients like coconut milk into seafood preparations, creating rich and flavorful stews and rice dishes.
Finding authentic Panamanian food often means heading to the coast or a local fish market. Whether it’s grilled, fried, or stewed, the seafood in Panama is a highlight of its culinary offerings.
| Seafood Type | Common Panamanian Dish |
|---|---|
| Corvina (Sea Bass) | The most popular fish for ceviche. |
| Camarones (Shrimp) | Used in ceviche and Arroz con Camarones y Coco. |
| Pulpo (Octopus) | A common ingredient for ceviche. |
| Pargo Rojo (Red Snapper) | Often served whole and deep-fried with patacones. |
Street Food and Snacks to Look Out For
To truly experience Panamanian food, you must explore its vibrant street food scene. Walking through the charming streets of Casco Viejo in Panama City or visiting a local market, your taste buds will be tempted by the aromas of delicious snacks being cooked right before your eyes.
Street food offers an authentic and affordable way to sample some of the country’s most beloved dishes. From savory fried bites to sweet, refreshing treats, these on-the-go options are a core part of daily life in Panama. Get ready to discover some new favorites.
Must-Try Street Food Dishes
When exploring Panama, the array of popular street food can seem endless. These quick and delicious bites are perfect for sampling the local flavors without committing to a full sit-down meal. They are an essential part of the Panamanian culinary landscape.
Many of these items are fried, offering a satisfyingly crispy texture that is hard to resist. You’ll find vendors selling these treats at parks, bus stations, and along busy streets, especially in the mornings and late afternoons. Each one offers a unique taste of the country’s diverse food culture.
Here are a few must-try street food dishes to look out for:
- Empanadas: Fried pastries filled with ground meat or cheese, perfect for a quick snack.
- Carimañolas: Crispy yuca fritters stuffed with seasoned beef.
- Hojaldras: Fluffy fried bread that can be eaten plain, with cheese, or sprinkled with sugar.
- Raspados: Shaved ice topped with flavored syrups and condensed milk to beat the tropical heat.
Vegetarian-Friendly Options in Panama
While many traditional Panamanian dishes are meat-centric, there are still plenty of delicious vegetarian-friendly options to enjoy. The cuisine’s reliance on fresh produce like root vegetables, plantains, and rice means that many side dishes are naturally vegetarian and can easily be combined to make a filling meal.
When ordering, it’s always a good idea to confirm the ingredients, as broths or beans may sometimes be prepared with meat. However, with a little navigating, vegetarians can absolutely find satisfying and authentic Panamanian food. Don’t hesitate to ask for simple preparations of the country’s wonderful produce.
Here are some great vegetarian-friendly choices to look for:
- Patacones or Yuca Frita: These fried plantain or yuca sides are universally available and delicious.
- Arroz con Coco: Fragrant coconut rice is a flavorful and filling option.
- Panamanian Tortillas: Thick corn cakes, often served with white cheese on top.
- Ensalada de Papas: A creamy potato salad that is a common side dish for many meals.
Conclusion
In summary, exploring the vibrant world of Panamanian cuisine offers a delightful adventure for your taste buds. From hearty dishes like Sancocho de Gallina to sweet treats like Raspados, each meal tells a story infused with local ingredients and flavors. The unique spices, tropical fruits, and seafood influences not only reflect the rich culture of Panama but also make every bite an unforgettable experience. Whether you’re indulging in traditional favorites or street food delights, embracing these culinary treasures is a must for any food enthusiast. So, don’t hesitate to dive into Panama’s diverse food scene—you’re bound to find something that excites your palate! If you’re eager to learn more about these delicious dishes, get a free consultation to discover the best places to enjoy them.
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the most popular traditional Panamanian dishes?
Some of the most popular traditional dishes in Panamanian cuisine include Sancocho de Gallina (the national chicken stew), Ropa Vieja (shredded beef), and Arroz con Pollo (rice with chicken). These beloved staples are enjoyed across the country, especially during celebrations, and are must-tries for any visitor to Panama.
What are some unique ingredients commonly used in Panamanian cuisine?
Panamanian cuisine showcases many unique ingredients like culantro (a potent herb), yuca, plantains, and ñampi (a root vegetable). The use of fresh tropical fruits is widespread, and coconut milk is a key component in Caribbean-style dishes. Spices like achiote, cumin, and black pepper are also common ingredients.
Are there vegetarian-friendly options in Panamanian food?
Yes, there are several vegetarian-friendly options in Panamanian food. You can enjoy delicious side dishes like patacones (fried plantains), yuca frita, and arroz con coco (coconut rice). Panamanian tortillas with cheese, fresh salads, and dishes highlighting the abundant tropical fruits also make for great vegetarian choices.
Citations: [1] Rodriguez, H. (2019). A History of Ropa Vieja, the National Dish of Cuba. The Spruce Eats. Retrieved from https://www.thespruceeats.com/history-of-ropa-vieja-2137877