Thinking about heading to the US for an exchange program? You might be planning to study, teach, intern, or gain hands-on experience. It’s a big step, and it’s normal to feel both excited and a little overwhelmed. The Exchange Visitor Visa, also known as the J-1 visa, is your opportunity to build new skills, experience daily life in the US, and connect with people from all over the world.
At Remitly, we understand how important it is to have clear, trustworthy information when you’re preparing for a move like this. In this guide, we’ll break down what the visa is, who it’s for, how to apply, what it costs, and what to expect along the way. If you’re just getting started or helping someone else through the process, we’re here to help make things simpler and a little less stressful.
What is an exchange visitor visa?
The Exchange Visitor Visa opens that door for thousands of people each year. At its core, the J-1 visa is a temporary visa that allows you to take part in specific programs in the US, like studying at a university, training in a professional setting, or working as a teacher or au pair.
But it’s about more than just studying or working, it’s designed to encourage cultural exchange. That means participants not only learn new skills, but they also share their own culture with Americans. The US Department of State oversees these programs and sees each visitor as a kind of cultural ambassador, someone who helps create mutual understanding between countries.
What cultural exchange really means
When you join one of these programs, you get to immerse yourself in everyday American life by living with host families, attending school, or working alongside locals. At the same time, you bring your own background, traditions, and perspective into the mix, creating opportunities for real connection and learning on both sides. You’re not only building your own future, you’re helping foster understanding across cultures.
Who can apply for a J-1 visa?
To qualify for a J-1 visa, you’ll need to be accepted by an official sponsor. These can be universities, nonprofits, or other organizations that are approved by the US government to run cultural exchange programs. You’ll also need to show that you plan to return to your home country after your program ends. Things like family ties, a job offer, or property back home can help demonstrate that intent.
Language skills are another important factor. Since you’ll be studying, teaching, or working in the US, you’ll need to prove you have enough English proficiency to succeed in the program. Finally, you’ll have to show that you can support yourself financially while you’re in the US. This might mean showing savings, a scholarship, or proof of financial help from your sponsor.
Common types of J-1 visa programs
The J-1 visa includes a wide variety of cultural and educational exchange programs.
Au pairs
If you’re between 18 and 26 and love working with kids, this could be a great fit. You’ll live with a host family in the US, help out with childcare, and take a few language classes along the way. Most au pairs stay for up to a year, and you get room, board, a stipend, and a pretty amazing cultural experience in return.
Interns and trainees
These programs are all about gaining real-world experience in your field, think business, hospitality, engineering, and more. Interns are usually still in school or just graduated, while trainees tend to have a bit more experience under their belt. Internships can last up to 12 months, while training programs can go up to 18.
College and university students
This one’s for international students looking to study full-time in the US, whether it’s for a semester, a year, or a full degree. It’s a great way to get a high-quality education and experience campus life in a totally new environment.
Teachers and professors
If you’ve been teaching for a few years and want to shake things up, this program lets you teach in US elementary or high schools for up to three years. It’s a chance to share your own teaching style, learn from US classrooms, and connect with a whole new group of students and educators.
Research scholars
These are perfect for academics who want to spend some time in the US doing research, teaching, or giving lectures. Professors typically stay for up to three years, and scholars can stay even longer, up to five years, depending on the work they’re doing.
Short-term scholars
This is a great option if you’re just popping over for a few months, to lecture, attend a conference, or collaborate on a project. You can stay for up to six months, and it’s ideal for those who want to contribute without committing to a long-term program.
Government visitors
These are official programs backed by the US government, focused on cultural and educational exchange. They’re all about building international connections through short-term visits, meetings, or collaborative projects.
Why the J-1 visa can be a life-changing experience
This visa opens up real opportunities for growth, learning, and connection, both personally and professionally.
Grow personally while experiencing something new
Moving to a new country challenges you in the best way. From improving your English to navigating daily life in a different culture, you’ll gain confidence and adaptability that stick with you. Many people say it helps them see the world, and themselves, differently, giving them a deeper sense of independence and global awareness.
Boost your career
The J-1 visa gives you the chance to build real experience in your field. You’ll strengthen your résumé, learn how your profession works in a different context, and maybe even open doors to future opportunities back home or abroad. It’s also a great way to figure out what you truly enjoy in your career path.
Make meaningful connections
During your time in the US, you’ll meet peers, mentors, and professionals who may become lifelong friends or valuable connections in your field. These relationships often last far beyond your program and can help you stay connected to opportunities and perspectives around the world.
Programs that fit your life
Not every visa offers flexibility, but the J-1 does. Depending on your program type, your stay could be just a few weeks or several years, giving you options that work for your goals. And if you’re planning to bring your family with you, your spouse and children (under 21) may be able to join you on a J-2 visa.
How to apply for a J-1 visa
The J-1 visa process can feel like a lot, especially if it’s your first time applying for a visa. But once you know the steps, it becomes much easier to manage.
Step 1: Find a sponsor
Check the US State Department’s website to find a sponsor that matches your program. Consider reaching out early since some programs fill up fast.
Step 2: Get your DS-2019 form
Once you’ve been accepted, your sponsor will give you a DS-2019 form. Don’t forget to double-check that all your details on the form are correct.
Step 3: Pay the SEVIS I-901 fee
Before the visa interview can be scheduled, applicants are required to pay the SEVIS I-901 fee. This is usually around $220 USD, and a receipt will be needed for the interview.
Step 4: Completing the DS-160 online application
The DS-160 is the official visa application form, and it’s filled out online through the US State Department’s system. A passport-style photo will also be uploaded during this step, and a confirmation page will be generated after you submit.
Step 5: Scheduling the visa interview
The next step is setting up an interview at a nearby US embassy or consulate. You’ll find that availability may vary depending on location and season.
Step 6: Preparing for the interview
You’ll need a few documents for the interview, including a valid passport, the signed DS-2019 form, the DS-160 confirmation page, and the SEVIS fee receipt. It’s also common to bring proof of financial support, evidence of ties to the home country, and any program-specific documents like transcripts or certificates.
Step 7: Attending the interview
During the interview, a consular officer will ask you questions, usually about the program, future plans, and how expenses will be covered. The goal is to confirm that you meet all the requirements for a J-1 visa. If approved, the visa stamp is placed directly into your passport.
Step 8: Getting ready to travel
After approval, it’s down to the final details like booking flights, confirming start dates, and coordinating with the sponsor or host organization. Some programs include orientation sessions or housing assistance.
How much does it cost to apply for a J-1 visa?
Knowing about fees early on can help you avoid surprises and plan your budget. The SEVIS I-901 fee is usually around $220 USD and needs to be paid before your visa interview. The visa application itself typically costs about $185 USD.
Some sponsors may also charge additional fees to cover administrative or placement services. And if any of your documents need to be translated into English or evaluated (like academic transcripts), there may also be extra costs for that.
How long does the process usually take?
Having a general idea of how long things take can make your planning a lot less stressful. The SEVIS fee is processed right away once it’s paid online, so you can move forward quickly from that point. Scheduling your visa interview after completing the DS-160 form usually takes anywhere from one to four weeks, depending on how busy your local embassy is.
Once your visa is approved, your passport is often returned with the visa stamp in about three to seven business days. Still, it’s always smart to double-check local timelines.
Starting early really helps. Giving yourself at least three to four months before your program starts can give you a buffer in case something takes longer than expected, like document delays, appointment availability, or travel planning.
What to keep in mind while you’re on a J-1 visa
Getting your visa approved is a big milestone, but once you arrive in the US, there are a few important responsibilities to stay on top of.
Staying active and informed
To keep your J-1 status in good standing, it’s important to fully participate in your program. That means attending your classes, training sessions, or work assignments regularly, as outlined by your sponsor. If anything changes, like your address, your program timeline, or your decision to leave early, your sponsor needs to know right away so they can update your SEVIS record and DS-2019 form.
Health insurance and program timing
Every J-1 participant is required to have health insurance that meets US government guidelines, and this applies to J-2 dependents as well. Your sponsor can let you know exactly what type of policy is needed.
Also, make sure you know your program’s official end date. In most cases, you’ll have a 30-day grace period to wrap things up and leave the country. It’s helpful to keep track of these dates to avoid last-minute stress.
Understanding the two-year home-country rule
In some cases, a rule called the “two-year home-country physical presence requirement” might apply. This usually affects people whose programs are government-funded or fall under certain categories. If it applies to you, it means returning to your home country for two years before you can apply for certain US visas like H-1B, L, or a green card.
FAQ
How long can I stay in the US on a J-1 visa?
It depends on your program. Interns usually stay up to 12 months, trainees up to 18 months, teachers up to three years, and research scholars can sometimes stay for up to five years. Your DS-2019 form will show your specific program dates.
Can my spouse or children come with me?
Yes, in many cases, they can. Spouses and children under 21 may be eligible for J-2 visas, which means they can live with you, and sometimes study or even apply for work authorization, while you’re in the US.
Do I need health insurance as a J-1 visa holder?
Yes. The US requires all J-1 and J-2 visa holders to have health insurance that meets certain coverage standards. Most sponsors provide help with finding a plan that meets the rules.
Can I work while I’m on a J-1 visa?
Work options depend on your program. Interns, trainees, teachers, and au pairs usually work as part of their sponsored activity. Students may be able to work with special permission, but working without authorization can cause problems with their visa.
Is it possible to extend my J-1 visa?
Sometimes, yes. Some programs, like research scholars, may allow extensions, while others have strict time limits. It’s best to speak with your sponsor early if you think you’ll need more time.