Whether you’re planning a trip to Ethiopia or sending money to loved ones there, understanding the Ethiopian birr (ETB) will make managing your finances much easier. As the official currency of Ethiopia, the birr has a fascinating history and unique features that reflect the country’s rich culture and heritage.
Here’s everything you need to know about the Ethiopian birr, its denominations, and tips for using it.
Basics of the Ethiopian Birr
The Ethiopian birr (ETB) is issued by the National Bank of Ethiopia. Its symbol is either Br in the Latin alphabet or ብር in Ethiopic script. One birr is subdivided into 100 santim.
Banknotes
- 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, and 200 birrs
Coins
- 1, 5, 10, 25, and 50 santim
- 1 birr
The 200-birr banknote is a recent addition, introduced in 2020 to address inflation and enhance security features.
Five Fascinating Facts About the Ethiopian Birr
1. Ethiopia’s Currency Wasn’t Always the Birr
Before the birr, Ethiopia used Maria Theresa thaler coins and blocks of salt known as amole tchew as currency. The thaler, a silver coin minted in Austria, was widely used in international trade during the 18th and 19th centuries.
2. Lions Symbolise Strength and Heritage
The 1-birr coin features the Lion of Judah, a national symbol of Ethiopia. Historically, the Lion of Judah has been associated with Ethiopian emperors and represents leadership and strength.
3. Ethiopia Modernised Its Currency in 2020
In 2020, Ethiopia introduced updated 10-, 50-, 100-, and 200-birr banknotes to reduce counterfeiting and stabilise the economy. Older versions of these notes were demonetised by December 2020.
4. Ethiopian Birrs Are Printed in the UK
Ethiopia’s currency is printed by De La Rue, a British company specialising in secure printing. Like many African countries, Ethiopia relies on foreign facilities for its currency production.
5. The Birr Is an Exotic Currency
The Ethiopian birr is considered an “exotic currency” in foreign exchange markets. It’s rarely traded outside Ethiopia, and its value has depreciated against major currencies like the U.S. dollar and British pound in recent years.
Tips for Using Money in Ethiopia
Exchange Rates
Exchange rates for the Ethiopian birr fluctuate due to economic and political factors. If you’re travelling from the UK, it’s best to exchange GBP for birr at banks or authorised exchange services in Ethiopia.
Payment Methods
- Cash: Cash is the primary method of payment in Ethiopia, particularly in rural areas. Smaller denominations are useful for daily transactions.
- Cards: Credit and debit cards are accepted in some larger hotels and businesses in Addis Ababa, but their use is limited outside major cities.
Currency Security
Thanks to updates in 2020, Ethiopian banknotes now include advanced security features, such as watermarks, colour-shifting inks, and microprinting, making counterfeiting more difficult.
Sending Money to Ethiopia
If you need to send money to Ethiopia, services like Remitly provide a fast and secure option. You can send funds directly to Ethiopian bank accounts or for cash pickup at trusted locations. With transparent pricing and competitive rates, Remitly makes it easier to support loved ones back home.
About Ethiopia
Ethiopia is one of the world’s oldest nations, with a rich cultural and historical heritage. Its diverse landscapes include the Great Rift Valley, highlands, and lowlands, earning it the nickname “the cradle of humankind.”
The country’s population of over 104 million is ethnically diverse, with major groups including the Oromo, Amhara, Somali, and Tigray peoples. Amharic is the official language, though many regional languages are also spoken.
Ethiopia’s cuisine, highlighted by injera (a sourdough flatbread) and a variety of stews and spices, is celebrated worldwide.
