Holidays in the UK unite people, whether through ancient traditions, religious observances, or simply enjoying a well-earned day off. From Christmas and Easter to uniquely British celebrations like Boxing Day and Bonfire Night, each holiday carries a rich history and cultural significance.
Whether you’re looking for the best ways to celebrate, planning time off, or just curious about the UK’s most beloved holidays, this guide will take you through the key dates and traditions.
For a deep dive into one of the UK’s most exciting post-Christmas celebrations, check out our Boxing Day in the UK: History, Traditions, and Shopping Tips guide!
Public Holidays in the UK: What You Need to Know
What Are Bank Holidays?
Bank holidays are official public holidays in the UK, during which most businesses, schools, and government offices close. While some bank holidays are observed nationwide, others vary between England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland.
The term “bank holiday” originated in the 19th century, when banks would close to allow staff a day off. Today, they mark important national celebrations and seasonal changes.
How Many Bank Holidays Are There?
- England & Wales – 8 bank holidays
- Scotland – 9 bank holidays
- Northern Ireland – 10 bank holidays
The number of days off may change when additional public holidays are introduced for major events, such as the Queen’s Platinum Jubilee in 2022.
Major Holidays and Traditions in the UK
The UK has a diverse mix of religious, cultural, and seasonal holidays, each celebrated in its own unique way.
New Year’s Day (January 1st)
New Year’s Day marks the first day of the year with celebrations that often begin on New Year’s Eve. Fireworks, parties, and the famous London fireworks display along the Thames are highlights of the festivities. In Scotland, Hogmanay is a particularly significant celebration featuring street parties and traditional customs like first-footing (bringing good luck for the year ahead).
Easter Weekend (March/April – Date Varies)
Easter is one of the most important Christian holidays, celebrating the resurrection of Jesus Christ. The UK observes a four-day Easter weekend, with:
- Good Friday (Public holiday) – Marked by church services and reflection.
- Easter Sunday – A day for family gatherings, Easter egg hunts, and traditional roast dinners.
- Easter Monday (Public holiday) – A day off in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland (but not Scotland).
Shops fill up with chocolate eggs, and children take part in egg rolling and other fun traditions.
May & August Bank Holidays
Spring and summer bring additional public holidays, often used as a chance to relax, enjoy warm weather, and travel. The Early May Bank Holiday (first Monday in May) and the Spring Bank Holiday (last Monday in May) celebrate the start of summer.
The August Bank Holiday (last Monday in August for England, Wales, and Northern Ireland; first Monday in August for Scotland) is the perfect time for outdoor festivals, including the Notting Hill Carnival in London.
Uniquely British Holidays
The UK is home to several holidays that aren’t widely observed elsewhere.
Bonfire Night (November 5th)
Also known as Guy Fawkes Night, this holiday commemorates the failed Gunpowder Plot of 1605, when Guy Fawkes attempted to blow up Parliament. Celebrations include fireworks, bonfires, and burning effigies of Guy Fawkes. Towns and cities across the UK host dazzling firework displays, making it a beloved autumn tradition.
Boxing Day (December 26th)
The day after Christmas, Boxing Day is a time for sports, sales, and relaxation. Traditionally, it was a day when servants and workers received gifts from their employers. Today, it’s famous for its football matches, horse racing, and massive shopping discounts.
Christmas: The Biggest Holiday of the Year
Christmas is the most widely celebrated holiday in the UK, with traditions dating back centuries.
Key Christmas Traditions in the UK
- Christmas Markets – Festive stalls selling gifts, food, and mulled wine.
- Christmas Dinner – A traditional feast featuring turkey, stuffing, roast potatoes, and Christmas pudding.
- The King’s Speech – A televised message from the monarch, broadcast on Christmas Day.
- Boxing Day Sales – Shoppers flock to the high streets and online stores for huge discounts.
Christmas celebrations often continue through New Year’s Eve, with parties and countdowns leading into January 1st.
Seasonal and Cultural Celebrations in the UK
St. George’s Day (April 23rd – England)
Honoring England’s patron saint, St. George’s Day is observed with parades, historical reenactments, and the display of the English flag (St. George’s Cross).
St. Andrew’s Day (November 30th – Scotland)
Scotland’s national day celebrates St. Andrew, the country’s patron saint, with ceilidh dances, traditional music, and storytelling.
St. David’s Day (March 1st – Wales)
The Welsh honor St. David’s Day by wearing daffodils and leeks, symbols of Wales, and enjoying traditional foods like Welsh cakes.
St. Patrick’s Day (March 17th – Northern Ireland)
Celebrated widely in Northern Ireland and beyond, this holiday honors St. Patrick, the patron saint of Ireland, with parades, music, and lots of Guinness!
FAQs About Holidays in the UK
1. How many public holidays are there in the UK?
The UK has 8 to 10 bank holidays, depending on the region. England and Wales have 8, Scotland has 9, and Northern Ireland has 10.
2. Do all businesses close on bank holidays?
Many businesses, schools, and offices close on bank holidays, but retailers, restaurants, and entertainment venues often remain open, especially on Christmas and Boxing Day.
3. Why is Bonfire Night celebrated in the UK?
Bonfire Night marks the failed Gunpowder Plot of 1605, when Guy Fawkes attempted to assassinate King James I. The tradition includes fireworks and bonfires.
4. Where can I learn more about traditions and culture?
For more insights into holidays and traditions, visit our Culture Blog!