If you’ve spent any time planning an international trip or watching travel documentaries, you may have wondered why some countries drive on the left-hand side of the road while most of the world drives on the right. This fascinating global variation has both historical and practical significance.
Whether you’re curious for cultural understanding, planning a trip, or simply brushing up on your world knowledge, this article provides a comprehensive explanation of what countries drive on the left, why they do, and what you need to know when visiting one.
Why Do Some Countries Drive on the Left?
The origin of driving on the left-hand side of the road traces back to ancient times. Historically, driving on the left allowed swordsmen on horseback to draw their weapons with their right hands—which were typically dominant. This practice was common in many societies, especially those influenced by British norms.
When cars became widespread, countries that had retained this tradition continued to legislate keeping to the left. Others, especially those influenced by colonizers from countries like France and the United States, adopted right-hand driving.
Countries That Drive on the Left
About 35% of the world’s population lives in countries where people drive on the left-hand side of the road. These countries are spread across continents, offering fascinating insights into history and culture.
Here are some prominent examples:
Asia
Many countries in Asia drive on the left due to the historical influence of British colonization. For instance:
- India
- Japan (Not colonized by Britain but influenced through trade)
- Thailand
- Sri Lanka
- Bangladesh
Oceania
Oceania has some of the largest left-driving nations, including:
- Australia
- New Zealand
- Fiji
Africa
Several African nations follow left-side driving, particularly those with British colonial histories, including:
- South Africa
- Kenya
- Tanzania
- Zimbabwe
Caribbean
Many islands in the Caribbean remain left-driving, such as:
- Jamaica
- Barbados
- Trinidad and Tobago
Europe
Although most of Europe drives on the right side, notable exceptions include:
- United Kingdom
- Ireland
- Malta
- Cyprus
Other Regions
Some countries outside these categories also drive on the left. A few examples include:
- Hong Kong
- Indonesia
- Mozambique
Adapting to Left-Side Driving during Travel
Driving on the left can feel intimidating if you’re from a country where right-hand driving is the standard. However, with a little preparation, you can adapt quickly.
Tips for Left-Side Driving
- Practice Makes Perfect
Rent a car and test your skills in a quiet area before hitting busier streets. Familiarize yourself with road signs and traffic flow.
- Adjust Your Mindset
Remember that everything mirrors right-side driving. For example, you’ll enter a roundabout clockwise instead of counterclockwise.
- Choose an Automatic Rental
If you’re also adapting to left-side driving, simplify the process by renting an automatic car so you can give your full attention to steering and positioning.
- Understand Local Rules
Study local traffic laws to be aware of rules like speed limits, yielding practices, and parking regulations.
Why Does Driving Orientation Matter?
Driving orientation may seem like a minor aspect of culture, but it reflects centuries of tradition and decision-making. For instance, countries that switched from left to right driving (such as Sweden in 1967) did so with extraordinary planning and cost to coordinate infrastructure and driver education.
Understanding left-hand driving can also foster a broader cultural appreciation, and it’s a valuable insight when preparing for international travel.
Did You Know? Famous “Switching Stories”
- Sweden’s Dagen H (Day H): On September 3, 1967, Sweden transitioned from driving on the left to the right. It was a massive operation involving weeks of education campaigns, altered road markings, and even manufacturing adjustments for vehicles.
- Japan’s Unique Island Exception: Although the entire country drives on the left, Okinawa adopted right-side driving for a short time during the American occupation before shifting back to match the rest of Japan.
FAQ Section
Why do most countries drive on the right instead of the left?
Most countries drive on the right because it became standard practice in nations influenced by France and the United States. Napoleon and the French Revolution helped popularize right-hand driving across Europe.
Can I drive my own car in left-driving countries?
You can, but it’s important to note that the steering wheel position is opposite for vehicles driving on the left. If you’re accustomed to right-hand driving, renting a car locally will make it easier.
Is it safe to rent a car in a left-driving country as a tourist?
Yes, but you should practice beforehand and focus on understanding local rules and traffic signs. Start in less crowded areas to build confidence.
How many countries drive on the left today?
Approximately 76 countries drive on the left, including nations across Asia, Oceania, the Caribbean, Africa, and select parts of Europe.
What was the last country to switch driving sides?
Samoa switched from right to left-side driving in September 2009 to align with its neighboring countries, like Australia and New Zealand.