Going online in Australia isn’t as simple as just plugging in a modem and browsing the internet. With the country’s size and diverse population, internet access can vary depending on where you live. To address this, Australia introduced the National Broadband Network (NBN) to provide fast, reliable internet to homes and businesses.
Whether you’re moving to Australia or already living there as an immigrant, this Remitly guide will make it easier for you to understand. From learning how the NBN works to getting connected, using it without a phone line, and troubleshooting common issues, we’ll help you make the most of your internet experience in Australia.
Understanding Australia’s National Broadband Network (NBN)
The NBN is a government-funded wholesale broadband network. It aims to provide fast and reliable broadband access for Australians nationwide. In particular, the NBN aims to provide connectivity to the many rural areas around the country that otherwise struggle to get access to reliable broadband.
The NBN uses a mix of technologies to fulfil its purpose of getting the whole country online.
How Australia’s National Broadband Network works
The NBN employs a Multi-Technology Mix (MTM) to connect users, using different infrastructures based on locations and existing setups:
-
- Fibre to the Premises (FTTP): Fibre-optic cables run directly from a central network point to individual homes and businesses. They provide the fastest and most reliable internet connection with minimal signal degradation.
-
- Fibre to the Building (FTTB): Similar to FTTP but mainly for apartment buildings and offices. Fibre-optic cables connect to a central point in a building, such as a communications room, and then existing wiring is used to connect individual units to the internet.
-
- Fibre to the Node (FTTN): Fibre cables extend to a central node within a neighbourhood, and the existing copper lines complete the connection to each premises.
-
- Fibre to the Curb (FTTC): Fibre cables run from the NBN to a small Distribution Point Unit (DPU) near a home, and then copper cables run to the homes to form the connection.
-
- Hybrid Fibre-Coaxial (HFC): HFC is a combination of fibre and coaxial technology. It uses existing pay-TV or cable networks to deliver broadband. It delivers faster speeds than copper, and generally provides stable internet service.
- Fixed wireless: In places or blackspots where cables are not suitable, fixed wireless technology delivers internet via radio signals. It transmits data from an NBN tower to an antenna installed at the user’s home.
- Satellite: For rural and remote areas where other types of connections aren’t possible, the NBN uses satellite to provide internet. However, satellite internet has higher delays and stricter data limits than fibre or wireless options.
Understanding these connection types will help you determine the best internet setup for your location. But how does the NBN distribute its services?
NBN wholesale network structure
The National Broadband Network (NBN) operates on a wholesale network supplying broadband access to retail service providers (RSPs). The process works as follows:
- Data transmission: Global internet data is delivered to NBN’s Points of Interconnection (POIs) located throughout Australia.
- Distribution: From these POIs, data is distributed to retail service providers (RSPs), who then deliver internet access to customers.
- User access: Consumers connect via a modem or router provided by their chosen RSP. The quality of service can vary depending on the provider’s network management and plan offerings.
With Australia’s increasing demand for faster and more reliable internet, the government is investing heavily in upgrading the NBN network.
Government investment in upgrades
In response to growing digital demands, the Australian government has committed $3 billion AUD to upgrade the NBN to full Fibre to the premises (FTTP). This upgrade aims to benefit approximately 622,000 homes, with completion targeted by the end of 2030.
The upgrade will bring several key benefits:
- Enhanced speed and reliability: Full fibre connections significantly improve data transfer speeds, providing a stable and consistent internet experience. It’s crucial for streaming, gaming, and remote work.
- Future-proofing: Fibre infrastructure supports increasing data demands, ensuring long-term sustainability without the limitations of copper or wireless connections.
- Long-term cost efficiency: While installation costs are higher, fibre networks require less maintenance and provide more consistent performance. This reduces expenses over time and helps manage the cost of living.
- Increased property value: Homes and businesses with full fibre access may see an increase in property value due to the desirability of high-speed internet for living, work-from-home setups, and even securing better deals with Australian banks for property investments.
With these improvements already underway, how can you connect to the NBN and start using the service?
How to connect to Australia’s NBN internet
Connecting to the NBN in Australia involves several key steps:
Check availability:
First, determine if the NBN is available at your address by visiting the NBN Co website and entering your location details. This will tell whether your premises are NBN-ready, and the type of technology to use for your connection.
Choose a plan and provider:
After confirming your availability, research and select an internet plan that suits your needs. Consider factors such as data allowance, speed performance, and pricing. Many RSPs offer NBN services, so you can compare their plans to find the best fit.
Place an order:
After selecting a plan, contact your chosen RSP to place an order. They will guide you through the sign-up process, explain the specific requirements, and schedule your installation. Ensure you understand the terms and conditions before proceeding.
Installation:
The installation process varies depending on your location and the type of NBN connection. In some cases, you’ll need a technician to complete the setup.
Here are the required tools:
- NBN connection box (network termination device): This device serves as the point where the NBN network ends and your internal network begins.
- Router: Connects to the NBN connection box to distribute the internet signal throughout your premises via WiFi or ethernet. Check your router is compatible with your NBN connection type to avoid unnecessary disruptions.
- Ethernet cables (LAN cables): Used to connect the NBN connection box to your router and other devices for a stable wired connection.
- Modem: A modem is essential for distributing your internet connection, depending on your NBN technology. You’ll need one that’s compatible with your NBN technology, whether it’s fibre, fixed wireless, or satellite.
- Outdoor antenna (for fixed wireless): If you’re in an area using fixed wireless, an outdoor antenna replaces the need for physical cables.
Activation:
Once the installation is complete, your RSP will activate your NBN service. This process may take a little time. Then, you can start using your internet connection.
Some users may wonder if an NBN connection requires a phone line. The good news is that you can connect without one.
Connecting to the NBN without a phone line
In Australia, it’s quite easy to connect to the NBN without a phone line:
- FTTP: First, you need an NBN technician to install a utility box outside your residential property and an NBN connection box inside your home. Once the technician completes the setup, simply connect an NBN-compatible router to access the internet.
- Fixed wireless: You also need a technician to install an outdoor antenna on your residential property and an NBN connection box inside your home. This allows you to connect a compatible router for WiFi access. While this option provides reliable access, factors such as distance from the tower, network congestion, and weather conditions can impact speed and performance.
Other NBN connection types, such as FTTN, FTTC, HFC, and Satellite, also don’t require an active phone line. However, some setups may use existing copper wiring for part of the connection, depending on the technology that’s available in your area, so you’d need to check with your RSP. Even if a phone line is required, it doesn’t need to be active.
Troubleshooting common connection issues
If you’re experiencing issues with your NBN connection, try the following steps:
-
Choose the right modem or router:
If your device is over two years old, it may not support the latest advancement in the NBN technology. Upgrading to a newer model can help maximise your connection.
When selecting a modem, ensure it supports both 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz frequencies. This dual-band functionality allows you to connect devices based on their speed and range needs.
-
Perform regular maintenance checks:
Visit the NBN Network Status page to check for known outages in your area. If there are no outages, then power off your NBN connection box and modem/router. Wait for about 30 seconds and turn them back on.
This simple step often resolves many connectivity issues. Keeping your NBN setup in good condition is crucial for maintaining optimal speeds. Running speed tests periodically using tools like Speedtest.net can help identify any slowdowns.
-
Inspect cable connections:
Check all cables. If you find any faults or loose connections, unplug and reconnect them.
-
Modem configuration:
If you’re using FTTN or FTTB connections, ensure you’re using a VDSL2-compatible modem/router and that your RSP has provided the correct configuration settings.
-
Contact your RSP:
If the issue persists, get in touch with your RSP for further assistance. They can run line tests, check for faults, and guide you through advanced troubleshooting steps.
Beyond fixing issues, there are also ways to optimise your NBN speeds across different cities in Australia.
Tips for optimising NBN speeds
If your NBN connection feels sluggish, you can optimise the speed. Follow the steps below:
-
Position your modem or router correctly
The placement of your modem/router significantly affects your WiFi signal strength. Positioning it in a central location within your home ensures even distribution of the signal.
You can also place it on an elevated surface, such as a shelf or mounted on a wall, to further improve coverage. Avoid placing it near electronic appliances like microwaves or cordless phones. That’s because they can interfere with the signal and reduce speeds.
-
Secure your WiFi network
If you don’t protect your WiFi network, unauthorised users can gain access to your internet, which can slow down your speeds. Set a strong, unique password and update it periodically for added security.
Keeping your network private ensures that your bandwidth is reserved for your own use, preventing unwanted congestion.
-
Manage connected devices
The more devices connected to your network at the same time, the more bandwidth is shared. This can slow down your internet. Disconnect devices that are not in use and limit the number of active connections when performing high-bandwidth activities like streaming or video calls.
If certain devices require stable speeds, consider allocating bandwidth priority to them within your router settings.
-
Update your router firmware
Manufacturers regularly release firmware updates to improve performance and security. Keeping your router software up to date ensures you have the latest enhancements that can help optimise your connections. Check your device’s settings or your RSP’s website for any available updates, and install them when necessary.
-
Select the right NBN speed tier
If you stream, game, or work from home, a higher-speed tier such as NBN 50 or NBN 100 is recommended to avoid congestion. Lower tiers like NBN 12 and NBN 25 may struggle with multiple devices. Assess your internet usage and consider upgrading if your current plan is struggling to keep up.
-
Use wired connections where possible
WiFi is convenient, but wired connections provide a more stable and faster experience. Try connecting devices that require reliable internet, such as gaming consoles, smart TVs, and work computers, via ethernet cables whenever possible. This reduces interference and improves performance.
-
Monitor for network congestion
NBN speeds can fluctuate in the evening when many households are online. If you notice slower speeds during these periods, try scheduling high-bandwidth activities, such as large downloads or video calls, during off-peak hours.
By understanding how the NBN works, knowing how to connect, and following these optimisation tips, you can enjoy a fast and reliable internet experience in Australia.
FAQs
How does the National Broadband Network (NBN) work?
The National Broadband Network (NBN) is a high-speed internet infrastructure built to provide fast and reliable internet access across Australia, using various technologies like fibre-optic cables, wireless, and satellite connections. It helps bridge the digital divide, offering improved access to services for urban and rural areas.
How do I connect my NBN to the internet?
To connect your NBN to the internet, you need to set up a compatible modem/router, connect it to the NBN connection box, and follow the instructions from your NBN provider. To avoid connection issues, make sure you have the correct cables and equipment as specified by your provider.
How can I connect to the NBN without a phone line?
To connect to the NBN without a phone line, use an internet plan and a compatible router or modem that works with your NBN technology type. This allows you to access the internet without needing a traditional phone service.
What do I do if my NBN isn’t working?
Ensure your NBN equipment is installed correctly and connected to a power source, and that your internet service provider has activated your plan. If issues persist, contact your provider for troubleshooting or check for network outages in your area that may be affecting your connection.